The Maasai
Origins / Location : Nile Valley (near present-day South Sudan) and migrated southward into Kenya and Tanzania ( 15th century.) Expanded across the fertile lands of the Great Rift Valley.
Names : Divided into around 22 sub-tribes, or "iloshon" (nations). Including groups like the Keekonyokie, Purko, Matapato, and Samburu.
Languages : Maa
Religion : Monotheistic system centered on the worship of a single deity called Engai (or Enkai/Nkai),
Arhem, Kaj. 1985. The Maasai and the State: The Impact of Rural Development Policies on a Pastoral People in Tanzania. IWGIA Document 52. Copenhagen: International Work Group for Indigenous Affairs. (Page 15 "Warriors dancing during the boys' initiation ceremony.")
Arhem, Kaj. 1985. The Maasai and the State: The Impact of Rural Development Policies on a Pastoral People in Tanzania. IWGIA Document 52. Copenhagen: International Work Group for Indigenous Affairs. (Page 15 "Mother with Children.")
Arhem, Kaj. 1985. The Maasai and the State: The Impact of Rural Development Policies on a Pastoral People in Tanzania. IWGIA Document 52. Copenhagen: International Work Group for Indigenous Affairs. (Page 37 "Woman milking in the morning.")
Arhem, Kaj. 1985. The Maasai and the State: The Impact of Rural Development Policies on a Pastoral People in Tanzania. IWGIA Document 52. Copenhagen: International Work Group for Indigenous Affairs. (Page 21 "Inside the homestead, enkang. The fence of the cattle kraal is seen on the right.")
Arhem, Kaj. 1985. The Maasai and the State: The Impact of Rural Development Policies on a Pastoral People in Tanzania. IWGIA Document 52. Copenhagen: International Work Group for Indigenous Affairs. (Page 43 "Struggling against the wind in the Ngorongoro highlands: a family returning to the settlement area in the highlands from a temporary camp on the plains.")
Arhem, Kaj. 1985. The Maasai and the State: The Impact of Rural Development Policies on a Pastoral People in Tanzania. IWGIA Document 52. Copenhagen: International Work Group for Indigenous Affairs. (Page 26, "A pastoral scene: herdsmen and small stock leaving for pasture in the early morning.")
Arhem, Kaj. 1985. The Maasai and the State: The Impact of Rural Development Policies on a Pastoral People in Tanzania. IWGIA Document 52. Copenhagen: International Work Group for Indigenous Affairs. (Page 60, "Warriors with cattle waiting for their turn at the cattle dip.")
Arhem, Kaj. 1985. The Maasai and the State: The Impact of Rural Development Policies on a Pastoral People in Tanzania. IWGIA Document 52. Copenhagen: International Work Group for Indigenous Affairs. (Page 8, Geographical distribution of the pastoral Maasai)
Arhem, Kaj. 1985. The Maasai and the State: The Impact of Rural Development Policies on a Pastoral People in Tanzania. IWGIA Document 52. Copenhagen: International Work Group for Indigenous Affairs. (Page 32, Tanzanian Maasailand today)
A Young Masai Tribeswoman, Full Length, Wearing Much Jewellery. Photograph, ca.1900. Wellcome Collection, JSTOR, https://jstor.org/stable/community.24906008.
A Young Masai Tribeswoman, Wearing Much Jewellery. Photograph, ca.1900. ca. 1900. Wellcome Collection, JSTOR, https://jstor.org/stable/community.24906006.
A young Masai tribesman, wearing a very large earring. Photograph, ca.1900. Image and original data provided by Wellcome Collection. https://www.jstor.org/stable/community.24906007.
The Maasai 1970s. Internet Archive.
Women selling jewelry 1970s. Internet Archive.
Four Young Masai Men, Carrying Spears, Standing beside a Train. Photograph, ca.1900. photoprint. Wellcome Collection, JSTOR, https://jstor.org/stable/community.24906003.
![East Africa: A Masai Woman Wearing Heavy Armlets, Ear-Lobe Distenders, Necklets Etc. Process Print, 190-. 1 print : process print, [between 1900 and 1909?]. Wellcome Collection, JSTOR, https://jstor.org/stable/community.36635310.](https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/65b41067c4042363cf11625f/5fa47d47-87fd-4228-b632-3821e0c825ef/German-EastAfricaMasai-%5Bbetween+1900+and+1909%3F%5D.jpg)
East Africa: A Masai Woman Wearing Heavy Armlets, Ear-Lobe Distenders, Necklets Etc. Process Print, 190-. 1 print : process print, [between 1900 and 1909?]. Wellcome Collection, JSTOR, https://jstor.org/stable/community.36635310.
Masai Warriors. Wellcome Collection, JSTOR, https://jstor.org/stable/community.24797864.
Zeleza, Paul Tiyambe. Maasai. New York: Rosen Publishing Group, 1994. (Page 27/28)
Zeleza, Paul Tiyambe. Maasai. New York: Rosen Publishing Group, 1994. (Page 24)
Zeleza, Paul Tiyambe. Maasai. New York: Rosen Publishing Group, 1994. (Page 46)
Zeleza, Paul Tiyambe. Maasai. New York: Rosen Publishing Group, 1994. (Page 36)
Zeleza, Paul Tiyambe. Maasai. New York: Rosen Publishing Group, 1994. (Page 10)
Zeleza, Paul Tiyambe. Maasai. New York: Rosen Publishing Group, 1994. (Page 8)
Zeleza, Paul Tiyambe. Maasai. New York: Rosen Publishing Group, 1994. (Page 52)
Zeleza, Paul Tiyambe. Maasai. New York: Rosen Publishing Group, 1994. (Page 23)
Zeleza, Paul Tiyambe. Maasai. New York: Rosen Publishing Group, 1994. (Page 12)
Zeleza, Paul Tiyambe. Maasai. New York: Rosen Publishing Group, 1994. (Page 40)
Zeleza, Paul Tiyambe. Maasai. New York: Rosen Publishing Group, 1994. (Page 18)
Zeleza, Paul Tiyambe. Maasai. New York: Rosen Publishing Group, 1994. (Page 14)
Zeleza, Paul Tiyambe. Maasai. New York: Rosen Publishing Group, 1994. (Page 14)
Zeleza, Paul Tiyambe. Maasai. New York: Rosen Publishing Group, 1994. (Page 52)
Zeleza, Paul Tiyambe. Maasai. New York: Rosen Publishing Group, 1994. (Page 30)
Zeleza, Paul Tiyambe. Maasai. New York: Rosen Publishing Group, 1994. (Page 26)
Maasai Elders via Masai Mara Travel. https://www.masaimara.travel/maasai-tribe-facts.php
Maasai Feeding Habits via Masai Mara Travel. https://www.masaimara.travel/maasai-tribe-facts.php
Maasai Warrior Hair Style via Masai Mara Travel. https://www.masaimara.travel/maasai-tribe-facts.php
Traditional Clothing of Maasai; Maasai Shuka's via Masai Mara Travel. https://www.masaimara.travel/maasai-tribe-facts.php
Maasai Moran Warriors via Masai Mara Travel. https://www.masaimara.travel/maasai-tribe-facts.php
Maasai Ceremonial Dance via Masai Mara Travel. https://www.masaimara.travel/maasai-tribe-facts.php
National Geographic. Maasai Woman and Cattle. "The Cattle Economy of the Maasai." Photograph by Ton Koene. https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/cattle-economy-maasai/. https://www.maasai-association.org
Hollis, Sir Alfred Claud. The Masai: Their Language and Folklore. Introduction by Sir Charles Eliot. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1905. (Page 4)
Hollis, Sir Alfred Claud. The Masai: Their Language and Folklore. Introduction by Sir Charles Eliot. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1905. (Page 20 - Masai elder wearing a fur coat which is supposed to resemble a cobras hood.)
Hollis, Sir Alfred Claud. The Masai: Their Language and Folklore. Introduction by Sir Charles Eliot. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1905. (Page 34 - Masai warriors of various 'ages' and 'districts' each with the shield of his 'age' and 'district')
Hollis, Sir Alfred Claud. The Masai: Their Language and Folklore. Introduction by Sir Charles Eliot. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1905. (Page 120)
Hollis, Sir Alfred Claud. The Masai: Their Language and Folklore. Introduction by Sir Charles Eliot. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1905. (Page 102)
Hollis, Sir Alfred Claud. The Masai: Their Language and Folklore. Introduction by Sir Charles Eliot. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1905. (Page 170)
Hollis, Sir Alfred Claud. The Masai: Their Language and Folklore. Introduction by Sir Charles Eliot. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1905. (Page 224)
Hollis, Sir Alfred Claud. The Masai: Their Language and Folklore. Introduction by Sir Charles Eliot. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1905. (Page 384)
Hollis, Sir Alfred Claud. The Masai: Their Language and Folklore. Introduction by Sir Charles Eliot. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1905. (Page 384)
Hollis, Sir Alfred Claud. The Masai: Their Language and Folklore. Introduction by Sir Charles Eliot. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1905. (Page 308)
Hollis, Sir Alfred Claud. The Masai: Their Language and Folklore. Introduction by Sir Charles Eliot. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1905. (Page 308)
Hollis, Sir Alfred Claud. The Masai: Their Language and Folklore. Introduction by Sir Charles Eliot. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1905. (Page 224)
Hollis, Sir Alfred Claud. The Masai: Their Language and Folklore. Introduction by Sir Charles Eliot. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1905.(Page 186)
Saitoti, Tepilit Ole. Maasai. Photographs by Carol Beckwith. New York: Harry N. Abrams, Inc., 1980. (Page 180)
Saitoti, Tepilit Ole. Maasai. Photographs by Carol Beckwith. New York: Harry N. Abrams, Inc., 1980. (Page 4)
Saitoti, Tepilit Ole. Maasai. Photographs by Carol Beckwith. New York: Harry N. Abrams, Inc., 1980. (Page 6)
Saitoti, Tepilit Ole. Maasai. Photographs by Carol Beckwith. New York: Harry N. Abrams, Inc., 1980. (Page 8)
Saitoti, Tepilit Ole. Maasai. Photographs by Carol Beckwith. New York: Harry N. Abrams, Inc., 1980. (Page 10)
Saitoti, Tepilit Ole. Maasai. Photographs by Carol Beckwith. New York: Harry N. Abrams, Inc., 1980. (Page 16)
Saitoti, Tepilit Ole. Maasai. Photographs by Carol Beckwith. New York: Harry N. Abrams, Inc., 1980. (Page 18)
Saitoti, Tepilit Ole. Maasai. Photographs by Carol Beckwith. New York: Harry N. Abrams, Inc., 1980. (Page 20)
Saitoti, Tepilit Ole. Maasai. Photographs by Carol Beckwith. New York: Harry N. Abrams, Inc., 1980. (Page 12)
Saitoti, Tepilit Ole. Maasai. Photographs by Carol Beckwith. New York: Harry N. Abrams, Inc., 1980. (Page 62-68)
Saitoti, Tepilit Ole. Maasai. Photographs by Carol Beckwith. New York: Harry N. Abrams, Inc., 1980. (Page 62-68)
Saitoti, Tepilit Ole. Maasai. Photographs by Carol Beckwith. New York: Harry N. Abrams, Inc., 1980. (Page 62-68)
Saitoti, Tepilit Ole. Maasai. Photographs by Carol Beckwith. New York: Harry N. Abrams, Inc., 1980. (Page 224)
Saitoti, Tepilit Ole. Maasai. Photographs by Carol Beckwith. New York: Harry N. Abrams, Inc., 1980. (Page 226)
Saitoti, Tepilit Ole. Maasai. Photographs by Carol Beckwith. New York: Harry N. Abrams, Inc., 1980. (Page 232)
Saitoti, Tepilit Ole. Maasai. Photographs by Carol Beckwith. New York: Harry N. Abrams, Inc., 1980.
Saitoti, Tepilit Ole. Maasai. Photographs by Carol Beckwith. New York: Harry N. Abrams, Inc., 1980.
Saitoti, Tepilit Ole. Maasai. Photographs by Carol Beckwith. New York: Harry N. Abrams, Inc., 1980.
Saitoti, Tepilit Ole. Maasai. Photographs by Carol Beckwith. New York: Harry N. Abrams, Inc., 1980.
Saitoti, Tepilit Ole. Maasai. Photographs by Carol Beckwith. New York: Harry N. Abrams, Inc., 1980.
Saitoti, Tepilit Ole. Maasai. Photographs by Carol Beckwith. New York: Harry N. Abrams, Inc., 1980.
Saitoti, Tepilit Ole. Maasai. Photographs by Carol Beckwith. New York: Harry N. Abrams, Inc., 1980.
Saitoti, Tepilit Ole. Maasai. Photographs by Carol Beckwith. New York: Harry N. Abrams, Inc., 1980.
Saitoti, Tepilit Ole. Maasai. Photographs by Carol Beckwith. New York: Harry N. Abrams, Inc., 1980.
Saitoti, Tepilit Ole. Maasai. Photographs by Carol Beckwith. New York: Harry N. Abrams, Inc., 1980.
Saitoti, Tepilit Ole. Maasai. Photographs by Carol Beckwith. New York: Harry N. Abrams, Inc., 1980.
Saitoti, Tepilit Ole. Maasai. Photographs by Carol Beckwith. New York: Harry N. Abrams, Inc., 1980.
Saitoti, Tepilit Ole. Maasai. Photographs by Carol Beckwith. New York: Harry N. Abrams, Inc., 1980.
Saitoti, Tepilit Ole. Maasai. Photographs by Carol Beckwith. New York: Harry N. Abrams, Inc., 1980.
Saitoti, Tepilit Ole. Maasai. Photographs by Carol Beckwith. New York: Harry N. Abrams, Inc., 1980.
Saitoti, Tepilit Ole. Maasai. Photographs by Carol Beckwith. New York: Harry N. Abrams, Inc., 1980.
Saitoti, Tepilit Ole. Maasai. Photographs by Carol Beckwith. New York: Harry N. Abrams, Inc., 1980. (Page 230)
Saitoti, Tepilit Ole. Maasai. Photographs by Carol Beckwith. New York: Harry N. Abrams, Inc., 1980. (Page 234)
Saitoti, Tepilit Ole. Maasai. Photographs by Carol Beckwith. New York: Harry N. Abrams, Inc., 1980. (Page 222)
Saitoti, Tepilit Ole. Maasai. Photographs by Carol Beckwith. New York: Harry N. Abrams, Inc., 1980. (Page 164)
Saitoti, Tepilit Ole. Maasai. Photographs by Carol Beckwith. New York: Harry N. Abrams, Inc., 1980. (Page 162)
Saitoti, Tepilit Ole. Maasai. Photographs by Carol Beckwith. New York: Harry N. Abrams, Inc., 1980. (Page 158)
Saitoti, Tepilit Ole. Maasai. Photographs by Carol Beckwith. New York: Harry N. Abrams, Inc., 1980. (Page 168)
Saitoti, Tepilit Ole. Maasai. Photographs by Carol Beckwith. New York: Harry N. Abrams, Inc., 1980. (Page 202)
Saitoti, Tepilit Ole. Maasai. Photographs by Carol Beckwith. New York: Harry N. Abrams, Inc., 1980. (Page 202)
Saitoti, Tepilit Ole. Maasai. Photographs by Carol Beckwith. New York: Harry N. Abrams, Inc., 1980. (Page 206)
Saitoti, Tepilit Ole. Maasai. Photographs by Carol Beckwith. New York: Harry N. Abrams, Inc., 1980. (Page 208)
Saitoti, Tepilit Ole. Maasai. Photographs by Carol Beckwith. New York: Harry N. Abrams, Inc., 1980. (Page 44)
Saitoti, Tepilit Ole. Maasai. Photographs by Carol Beckwith. New York: Harry N. Abrams, Inc., 1980. (Page 46)
Saitoti, Tepilit Ole. Maasai. Photographs by Carol Beckwith. New York: Harry N. Abrams, Inc., 1980. (Page 36)
Vice: The Ecotourism Industry Is Saving Tanzania’s Animals and Threatening Its Indigenous People By Jean Friedman-Rudovsky May 12, 2015. Photo by Noah Friedman-Rudovsky. https://www.vice.com/en/article/casualties-of-conservation-0000649-v22n5/